Instead, Vanderbuilt would ask for “Crum” when referring to Speck. The customer in question was named Commodore Cornelius Vanderbuilt, and frequently forgot Speck’s real last name. The nickname “Crum” came about from a regular customer at the Moon’s Lake House. This is where he would create his invention. At the age of 25, started working at Moon’s Lake House, a high-end restaurant that served rich Manhattanites. Lay’s potato chips became the first successfully marketed national brand.George Crum, (born George Speck), invented the potato chip. Lay peddled potato chips to Southern grocers out of the trunk of his car, building a business and a name that would become synonymous with the thin, salty snack. Herman Lay, a traveling salesman in the South, helped popularize the food from Atlanta to Tennessee. In 1932, Herman Lay founded Lay’s in Nashville, Tenn., which distributed potato chips from a factory in Atlanta, Ga. Prior to this bag potato chips were dispensed in bulk from barrels or glass display cases.
Laura Scudder is credited with developing the wax paper bag for potato chips which made a wider distribution possible because of its preserving properties. Out in Monterey Park, California the Scudders company started making potato chips in 1926.
While Salie stayed home making chips, Bill delivered them to "mom and pop" grocery stores and farmer's markets in the Hanover, PA and Baltimore, MD area. The hand-operated equipment Salie used made about fifty pounds of potato chips per hour. Salie Utz used her knowledge of good Pennsylvania Dutch cooking to make the chips in a small summer house behind their home. In 1921, Bill and Sallie Utz started the Hanover Home Brand Potato Chips in Hanover, Pennsylvania. For several decades after their creation, potato chips were largely a Northern dinner dish. It was the invention of the mechanical potato peeler in the 1920s that paved the way for potato chips to soar from a small specialty item to a top-selling snack food. He began making chips in his kitchen and delivering to neighborhood stores but later converted a barn in the rear of his house into “one of the first potato chip factories” in the country.Īt that time, potatoes were tediously peeled and sliced by hand. The idea of making them as a food item for sale in grocery stores came to many people at around the same time, but perhaps the first was William Tappendon of Cleveland, OH, in 1895. His restaurant closed around 1890 and he died in 1914 at the age of 92. In 1860 George opened his own restaurant in a building on Malta Avenue near Saratoga Lake, and within a few years was catering to wealthy clients including William Vanderbilt, Cornelius Vanderbilt, Jay Gould, and Henry Hilton.
The guest was ecstatic over the browned, paper-thin potatoes, and other diners requested Crum’s potato chips, which began to appear on the menu as Saratoga Chips, a house specialty. Exasperated, Crum decided to rile the guest by producing French fries too thin and crisp to skewer with a fork. Crum cut and fried a thinner batch, but these, too, met with disapproval. Ever since Jefferson brought the recipe to America and served French fries to guests at Monticello, the dish was popular and serious dinner fare.Īt Moon Lake Lodge, one dinner guest found chef Crum's French fries too thick for his liking and rejected the order. On Moon Lake Lodge's restaurant menu were French-fried potatoes, prepared by Crum in the standard, thick-cut French style that was popularized in 1700s France and enjoyed by Thomas Jefferson as ambassador to that country. In the summer of 1853, George Crum was employed as a chef at an elegant resort in Saratoga Springs, New York. The son of an African-American father and a Native American mother, Crum was working as the chef in the summer of 1853 when he incidentally invented the chip. George Speck, also called George Crum was born on Jin Saratoga County in upstate New York.
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